Anatomy & Physiology
A practical map of the body's structures and systems
Lesson 19 of 20
Reproductive system
Reproductive anatomy includes structures that produce gametes and hormones and support reproduction. Anatomy varies among individuals, and not every person has the same organs or reproductive goals. Hormonal regulation involves feedback among the brain and gonads. Professional communication should be inclusive, respectful, and limited to relevant anatomy and client needs.
Key points
- Ovaries produce ova and hormones including estrogen and progesterone.
- The uterus supports gestation; uterine lining changes across the menstrual cycle.
- Testes produce sperm and testosterone; sperm mature in the epididymides.
- Gonadotropins from the pituitary influence gonadal function.
- Anatomical terminology should be used without assumptions about identity, function, or history.
Key terms
- Gonad
- Reproductive organ that produces gametes and sex hormones.
- Ovary
- Gonad that produces ova and hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
- Uterus
- Muscular organ where a pregnancy can develop.
- Testis
- Gonad that produces sperm and testosterone.
- Epididymis
- Coiled structure where sperm mature and are stored temporarily.
- Gamete
- Reproductive cell, such as an ovum or sperm cell.
Memory tip
Describe structures accurately; ask rather than assume what language a client prefers.
Clinical note
Only discuss reproductive anatomy when relevant and with clear consent and appropriate draping.
Unit checkpoint
Lock it in: match the terms, then test yourself.